CO吸附在过渡金属铂表面的微观动力学研究

建立了处理双原子分子-表面相互作用的推广的LEPS势.借助推广的LEPS势,系统研究了一氧化碳分子在铂低指数表面吸附的动力学特性,重现了低指数表面的分子吸附热、吸附几何及本征振动等实验数据；鉴定了某些不合理的文献信息,预测了实验尚未探测到的重要信息:预测到Pt(100)表面四重洞位的C－O伸缩振动频率为1 962.60 cm－1;预测到Pt(110)表面吸附态的C－O及C－Pt键长分别为115.1、147 pm.     

化合物结构／性质相关的研究／拓扑指数法（Ⅰ）

本文提出一种新的拓扑指数－ＥＡ系列指数，它是从表示分子图形的邻接矩阵出发，结合图形中顶点的度构造成ＥＡ矩阵，计算ＥＡ矩阵的本征值，求出本征值绝对值和指数ＥＡΣ及本征值绝对值最大值指数ＥＡｍａｘ，实验表明，ＥＡ系列指数具有良好的唯一性和相关性。     

脂肪胺结构与密度和折光指数关系的探讨

本文用拓扑方法探讨了脂肪胺的密度和折光指数与其分子结构之间的关系。提出一个既适用于密度又适用于折光指数的定量关系。应用这一定量关系, 不仅能够描述脂肪胺密度和折光指数的变化规律。预测脂肪胺的密度和折光指数,而且能够合理表征物质结构与性能之间的关系。     

Minimizing UV noise in supercritical fluid chromatography. I. Improving back pressure regulator pressure noise

Pressure fluctuations and resulting refractive index changes, induced by the back pressure regulator (BPR) can be a significant source of UV detector noise in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The refractive index (RI) of pure carbon dioxide (CO(2)) changes ≈0.2%/bar at the most commonly used conditions in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) (40 °C and 100 bar), compared to 0.0045%/bar for water (CO(2) IS 44× worse). Changes in RI cause changes in the focal length of the detector cell which results in changes in UV intensity entering the detector. The change in RI (ΔRI/bar) of CO(2) decreases 8-fold at 200 bar, compared to 100 bar. A new back pressure regulator (BPR) design representing an order of magnitude improvement in the state of the art is shown to produce peak to peak pressure noise (PN(p-p)) as low as 0.1 bar, at 200 bar, and 20Hz, compared to older equipment that attempted to maintain PN(p-p)<1bar, at <5Hz. With this lower PN(p-p), changes in baseline UV offsets could be measured as a function of very small changes in pressure. A pressure change of ±1 bar at 100 bar, common with some older BPR's, produced a UV baseline offset >0.5 mAU. A pressure change of ±0.5 bar representing the previous state-of-the-art, resulted in a UV offset of 0.3m AU. Baseline noise <0.05 is required to validate methods for trace analysis. The new BPR, with a PN(p-p) of 0.1 bar, demonstrated UV peak to peak noise (N(p-p))<0.02 mAU with a >0.03 min (10Hz) electronic filter under some conditions. This new low noise level makes it possible to validate SFC methods for the first time.     

Free aluminium extraction from various reference materials and acid soils with relation to plant availability

The single extractions with 15 extractants (agents) (H₂O, KCl, NH₄Cl, NH₄F, CaCl₂, BaCl₂, CuCl₂, LaCl₃, Na₂S₂O₄, (NH₄)₂C₂O₄, Na₄P₂O₇, NTA, EDTA, DTPA, HCl), the optimised BCR (Community Bureau of Reference) three-step sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and the solid phase extraction (SPE) by the chelating ion-exchanger Iontosorb Salicyl (cellulose resin containing covalently bound salicylic acid functional groups) were used for the partitioning of Al in very acid soil samples taken from an area influenced by acid mine solutions. The precision, accuracy and repeatibility for all steps of the optimised BCR SEP were checked on the various reference materials (CRM 483 sewage sludge amended soil, CRM BCR 701 freshwater sediment, SRM 2710 and SRM 2711 Montana soils). Also the new indicative values of the optimised BCR SEP fractional Al concentrations were obtained for these reference materials. The aluminium amounts obtained by the used extraction procedures were valuated and discussed from the aspect of the Al concentration in the plants (grass) growing on the same studied soils. The aluminium toxicity indexes (ATI) calculated for the studied soils, the BaCl₂ and acetic acid soil extracts and the grass stems and roots were used for the assessment of the Al toxicity to the plants. The ATI value was defined as the ratio of the nutrient cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) concentration sum to the Al concentration. The flame atomic absorption spectrometry (LOQ = 0.2 mg l⁻¹) and the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (LOQ = 0.03 mg l⁻¹) were used for the aluminium quantification.     

Comparison of the fragility index of different eudragit polymers determined by activation enthalpies

The present study aimed to apply fragility index (m) of polymers in the determination of the optimal amount of plasticizer in polymer films. The fragility index of different Eudragit polymers (RS, RL, EPO) was assessed by differential scanning calorimerty (DSC), applying the Arrhenius connection (logq–1/T _g). The fragility of Eudragit EPO films proved to be the highest, while in the case of RS and RL, the increase of the alkyl-chain length caused the increase of fragility. Studying the effect of plasticizer (triethyl citrate, TEC) on the m value of Eudragit RL and RS films, a near linear reduction of the fragility index could be observed between 5–30% TEC concentration, but above 30%, this value leveled out to constant.     

Estimation of stability constants of copper(II) chelates with triamines and their mixed complexes with amino acids by using topological indices and the overlapping spheres method

Our two original approaches, the first based on the topological (connectivity) index ³χ^v and the second based on the model of overlapping spheres (OS), were applied for the estimation of stability constants of copper(II) complexes (CuL) with ethylenediamines (N = 14) and diethylenetriamines (N = 8), and mixed complexes (CuLA) of amino acids and diethylenetriamines (N = 18). The stability constants of the ethylenediamine complexes were predicted “indirectly” from calibration models developed on diethylenetriamines and vice versa, and also by a more direct method using the leave-one-out procedure of cross validation (cv). By averaging all the estimates, stability constants were reproduced with a rms error of 0.56 and 0.43 log K units for diethylenetriamines and ethylenediamines, respectively.     

Thermodynamic interactions in binary mixtures of anisole with ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol, and 3-methylbutan-1-ol at T = (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K

In this paper, excess thermodynamic functions have been computed from the measured values of density, viscosity, and refractive index at T = (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K, ultrasonic velocity at T = 298.15 K over the entire mixture composition range of (anisole with ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol, or 3-methyl butan-1-ol). Excess molar volume, V^E has been calculated from densities, whereas deviations in viscosity, Δη, were computed from the measured viscosities. From ultrasonic velocities, isentropic compressibilities were calculated, from which deviations in isentropic compressibility, Δk_s have been computed. Lorenz-Lorentz mixture rule was used to compute molar refractivity, R from refractivity index data and from these data, deviations in molar refractivity, ΔR have been computed. Computed thermodynamic quantities have been fitted to Redlich and Kister polynomial equation to derive the coefficients and standard errors between experimental and predicted quantities. Intermolecular interactions between anisole and alkanols have been studied based on the computed excess thermodynamic quantities.